空军飞行人员外显自尊与人格、心理健康的关系

Relationship between explicit self-esteem and personality and mental health among air force flying personnel

目的明确空军飞行人员外显自尊特征及其与人格、心理健康之间的关系,为提高空军部队的心理健康水平及飞行质量提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,运用外显自尊量表、艾森克人格问卷、症状自评量表对来我中心健康疗养的255名空军飞行人员进行心理测评。统计处理采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、Spearman相关分析及多元逐步回归分析。结果婚姻状况、是否独生对空军飞行人员外显自尊影响不显著(t=0.917,P=0.360;t=1.141,P=0.255),飞行机种对空军飞行人员外显自尊影响显著(F=7.472,P=0.000);空军飞行人员外显自尊与年龄、飞行时间、心理健康因素、神经质、精神质正相关(r=0.146～0.411,P<0.01),与内外向、掩饰性负相关(r=-0.311,-0.149,P<0.05或P<0.01),多元逐步回归分析显示,对空军飞行人员外显自尊贡献大小因素依次为精神质(Beta=0.214,P=0.000)>神经质(Beta=0.212,P=0.001)>内外向(Beta=-0.197,P=0.000)>强迫症状(Beta=0.184,P=0.002)>年龄(Beta=0.149,P=0.006)。结论空军飞行人员外显自尊受年龄、飞行时间、飞行机种、心理健康因素及人格因素的影响,且人格因素的影响作用最大。

Objective To identify the characteristics of self-esteem and the relationship among self-esteem,personality and mental health of Airforce pilots,in order to provide scientific data to improve mental health and flying quality of them.Methods Two hundred and fifty-five Airforce pilots were selected by cluster sampling when they were resting therapy in our center and evaluated on the Self-esteem Scale(SES),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Such as independent-samples t-test,one factor ANOVA,Spearman correlation analysis and stepwise regression were implement.Results Marital status and signal child were had no significant effect to self-esteem of Airforce pilots(t=0.917,P=0.360;t=1.141,P=0.255),but type of aircraft was had significant effect(F=7.472,P=0.000);self-Esteem of Airforce pilots was significant positively correlated with age,flight time,mental health,N and P(r=0.146～0.411,P<0.01),and significant negatively correlated with E and L(r=-0.311,-0.149,P<0.05 or P<0.01);multiple factors stepwise regression showed that the factors dedicated to self-esteem were ranked with P(Beta=0.214,P=0.000)>N(Beta=0.212,P=0.001)>E(Beta=-0.197,P=0.000)>obsessive compulsive(Beta=0.184,P=0.002)>age(Beta=0.149,P=0.006).Conclusion Self-esteem of Airforce was influenced by age,flight time,type of aircraft,mental health and personality,and the most important factor was personality.