稻鸭共育对稻田杂草和病虫害的生物防治效应

Efficiency of Controlling Weeds, Insect Pests and Diseases by Raising Ducks in the Paddy Fields

本文研究稻田全天放鸭对水稻病、虫、杂草的防治效果。试验结果表明,稻鸭共育后12和42d,共育田水稻基部飞虱、叶蝉的总量比不养鸭稻田平均减少63 8%和77 3%;稻鸭共育后10和40d,共育田杂草比不养鸭稻田平均减少50 6%和94 2%;分蘖高峰期和齐穗期的纹枯病病情指数,稻鸭共育田比不养鸭稻田分别低67 1%和52 5%。另外,稻鸭共育田的害虫天敌蜘蛛数量明显增加,比常规种稻田多1 66～2 61倍,这也显著改善了稻田的生态环境,抑制了水稻害虫的危害。

In this paper, the efficiency of controlling rice pests, diseases and weeds by releasing ducks in paddy fields was investigated. The results showed that populations of planthopper and leafhopper were decreased by 63.8% and 77.3%, respectively in 12d and 42d after releasing ducks, and the weeds were decreased by 50.6% and 94.2%, respectively in 10d and 40d after releasing ducks when compared with the check plot with no ducks. The sheath blight index in active tillering stage and heading stage in the duck growing rice plots were 67.1% and 52.5% less than those in the check, respectively. The population of spiders in the duck released field was increased by 1.66-2.61 times than that in the conventional rice field.