黄河大柳树水利枢纽工程区生态修复绿水资源消耗量定量模拟

Quantitative estimation of the consumption of green water resources during the ecological restoration for the Daliushu Water Control Project on Yellow River

绿水的确定和有效利用对于干旱半干旱地区水资源配置和生态建设有重要的意义。在"绿水"概念界定基础上,构建基于生态水文理论的绿水资源消耗量定量模型,并以大柳树水利工程区为研究对象,对工程区20世纪50年代以来绿水资源消耗量进行定量模拟,得到研究区绿水资源消耗量现状时空结构特征,进而得到不同水分供应条件下不同植被类型绿水资源消耗定额,确定生态修复措施下工程区的绿水资源消耗量。结果表明:(1)大柳树水利枢纽工程区绿水资源消耗量受降水影响明显,50年代以来整体上表现出增加到降低的变化趋势;(2)不同植被类型绿水资源消耗量差异明显:林地最大,其次为农用地;(3)大柳树水利枢纽工程区不同水平年绿水资源定额,其中枯水年:林地341.2 mm,灌丛241.1 mm,草地200.8 mm,农用地291.5 mm;丰水年:林地444.4 mm,灌丛306.1 mm,草地271.2 mm,农用地399.9 mm;平水年:林地370.3 mm,灌丛295.3 mm,草地250.6 mm,农用地360.6 mm;(4)根据各水平年不同植被类型绿水资源定额以及工程区生态修复方案,利用面积定额法得到工程区各生态修复措施需水总量及工程区各分区生态修复绿水资源消耗量。

In recent years,the 'green water' has been a new and 'hot' field in ecology,hydrology and water resources,especially in the arid and semiarid regions.On the basis of definition of green water resources,an eco-hydrological model was constructed to simulate the regional consumption of green water resources.With RS and GIS technology,along with the remote sensing data,meteorological data,the experimental observing data and vegetation and soil texture information,the patterns of the consumption of green water resources for the Daliushu Water Control Project on Yellow River were studied.On the basis of the patterns of the consumption of green water resources,the quota of the consumption of green water resources among different vegetation types are analyzed.Based on the inventory survey on the vegetation and water resources in Daliushu Water Control Project on Yellow River,mark off four ecological restoration subareas for the Daliushu Water Control Project and set off the relative measures in the each subarea,combine with the quota of the consumption of green water resources,the consumptions of green water resources during the ecological restoration for the Daliushu Water Control Project on Yellow River were estimated.The results show as follows:(1) due to the land use changes,the regional consumption of green water resources shows a trend of increase-decrease;(2) different vegetation types have various structures.The woodland has the highest value,the crop land is followed,and the grassland is the smallest one.(3) the quotas of the consumption of green water resources in the dry year from woodlands,shrub lands,grasslands and croplands were estimated to be 341.2,241.1,200.8 and 291.5 mm;in the wet year,the quotas of the consumption of green water resources from woodlands,shrub lands,grasslands and croplands were estimated to be 444.4,306.1,271.2 and 399.9 mm;in the leveler's year,the quotas of the consumption of green water resources from woodlands,shrub lands,grasslands and croplands were estimated to be 370.3,295.3,250.6 and 360.6 mm;(4) According to the quotas of the consumption of green water resources and the relative measures in the each subarea,the consumptions of the green water resources of different restoration measures and the consumptions of the green water resources in each subarea were studied.