尖顶羊肚菌单孢菌株群体培养特性研究

Study on Cultural Characteristics of Single Spore Isolation Population from Morchella conica

目的:羊肚菌不同分离物在培养过程中形态学变化较大且极不稳定,通过同一子实体不同单孢菌株在不同培养基上的培养特性研究特别是产菌核能力的变化回答这些变化是否是由于多核菌株的不稳定性引起。方法:以不同来源尖顶羊肚菌单孢菌株为材料,并以粗柄羊肚菌为对照,研究了菌株在不同培养基上的培养特性,并对同一子实体及不同子实体产菌核和不产菌核单孢进行配对培养。结果:尖顶羊肚菌单孢菌株按培养特征可分为9类,同等条件下每一菌株的培养特性保持稳定;在综合马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(CPDA)、葡萄糖硝酸钠琼脂培养基(GN)、酵母膏胨葡萄糖琼脂培养基(YPD)进行转接培养时,可成功地将产菌核菌株转化为不产菌核菌株;尖顶羊肚菌同一子实体及不同子实体各产菌核单孢菌株产核数量及分布变化很大,交配后单孢之间性状会发生较大变化,包括菌核形态、菌丝形态、生长势,特别是产菌核能力会消失和发生转移。

Objective:The changes of cultural morphology of Morchella isolation in growing different media was random and unstable,the research on the cultural characteristics of different single spore isolation from same ascocarp can answer the question that these changes whether resulting in the unstability of multinuclear strain.Method:The cultural characteristics and mating test of single spore isolations from Morchella conica using M.crasspies as control on different media were studied.Result:It showed that distribution and production of sclerotia of these morel strains from same fruiting body or different fruiting bodies were polymorphism and all strain could be divided into nine types with stable properties at same cultural condition basing on cultural characteristics.The results also showed that environmental nutrition had impact on morel sclerotia formation and successfully conversed producing sclerotia strains into non-producing sclerotia strains by transfering culture among different media.The mating test showed that a great changes in morphological characteristics of two mating strains had happened after mating test culture,for example the shape and size of scletotia,the growth of mycelia,especially the producing ability of morel could disappear or exchang.