我院临床检出细菌的耐药现状分析

Analysis on status of bacterial resistance in a hospital

目的:对我院2000年各科室送检标本细菌的检出及对抗生素耐药的情况进行分析,为临床抗感染治疗提供参考依据。方法:细菌鉴定及药酶试验采用全自动细菌生化分析仪(Vitek-Ams)。结果:全年分离病原菌1193株,其中革兰氏阳性菌440株,革兰氏阴性菌753株;革兰氏阳性菌中包括金黄色葡萄球菌227株、肠球菌61株,金黄色葡萄球菌中包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)122株,占金黄色葡萄球菌的54%。革兰氏阴性菌中构成比最大的前三种病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌(24%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(16%)和大肠杆菌(12%)。大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌超广谱酶(ESBLs)的产酶率分别为43%和39%。结论:我院主要感染病原菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌,而金黄色葡萄球菌为主要的革兰氏阳病原菌;我院主要致病菌的构成与国内大医院基本相同,多重耐药菌占很大的比例。

Objective:To analyze the resistance status of pathogens in our hospital in the year of 2000. Methods: Bacteriat cultures were performed with routine method, and bacterial identification and susceptibility test were made with Vitek-Ams. Results: 1193 strains were isolated in 2000, including 440 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 753 strains of Gram-negative bacteria. S. aureus and Enterococcus accounted for 51.6% and 13.9% respectively, in Gram positive bacteria, and MRSA accounted for 54% in S. aureus. The most common isolates in negative bacteria were P. aeruginosa (24%), K. pneumoniae(16%),and E. coli(12%). ESRLs-produced rate in E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 43% and 39% respectively. Conclusion: Gram negative bacteria were main pathogens and S. aureus was most common Gram-positive organism in our hospital. The bacterial distribution was similar to other domestic famous hospitals, and majority of the isolated bacteria were multi-resistant to antibiotics.