磁吸式精密排种原理分析与试验

Analytical and Experimental Study on Principle of Precision Seed-meter by Magnetic Force

针对蔬菜、花卉种子体积小、质量小及形状不规则的特点 ,提出了一种新的排种方式——磁吸式精密排种。应用有关磁选理论 ,建立了磁吸式精密排种的力学模型 ,得出了单粒磁粉包衣种子在气隙磁场中所受磁力的计算公式 ,分析了实现精密排种的基本条件。通过对白菜、番茄种子的排种试验 ,其单粒精播率达 90 % ,漏播率低于5 % ,说明这一排种方式具有较高的播种精度和对不同类型种子良好的适应性。

In order to solve the vegetable and flower precision seeding, a new type of seed-meter by magnetic force was developed. First, the seeds were coated by magnetic powder, so that the seeds have magnetism; then an electro-magnet precisely sucked out a seed from the seeds; the electro-magnet with a seed was moved above the hole; at the same time, the electricity was switch off and the seed quickly felled into the hole from the magnet pole face. In this article, a mechanical model was established through the magnetic selection theory, and the condition of precision seed-metering was analyzed. The results of tests selection for cabbage and tomato seeds showed that the rate of single seed was more than 90% and the rate of seed empty was less than 5%, which indicated that this machine had a higher sowing precision and good adaptability to different kinds of seeds.