等离子体加速器动力学理论探索

Dynamics of plasma driven micro-particle accelerator

等离子体驱动微小碎片加速器是利用大容量脉冲电容器组对等离子体同轴枪放电产生高温、高密度、高速等离子体,再用这些等离子体加速微粒(10～1000μm)至超高速(1～15km/s)以模拟mm级以下空间碎片撞击效应的地面试验装置。为了提高微粒速度,需要增加等离子体的动量,而等离子体的动量与工作气体的性质及定向速度密切相关。文章用数值模拟及解析计算等理论方法来探索等离子体轴向速度、密度和温度与放电条件、加速电极参数和工作气体之间的关系。通过研究等离子体束与微粒间相互作用的动力学行为,寻求优化试验装置效率的有效途径。

The plasma driven micro-particle accelerator is a ground device to produce high temperature,high density,high speed plasma to accelerate small particles (10～1 000 μm) to hypervelocity (1～15 km/s),for simulating the impact effects of space debris of micron scale.First of all,a high momentum of the plasma is required for the speed of the particles,and it is closely related to the nature of the working gas and the beam velocity.Numerical simulations and theoretical analysis were carried out to explore the relationships among plasma properties,discharge conditions,electrode configurations and the working gas.Furthermore,the efficiency of the experimental device is optimized by considering the dynamic behavior of the interaction between the plasma beam and the particles.