空间粉尘高速撞击对光学玻璃透过率影响的研究

A STUDY ON EFFECT OF HIGH-SPEED SPACE DUST COLLISION ON TRANSMITTANCE OF OPTICAL GLASS

航天器在轨服役期间会遭受到大量的微陨石及空间微小碎片撞击作用。这些微陨石和空间微小碎片可能吸附在航天器光学玻璃表面,也可能与光学玻璃表面碰撞产生陷坑等缺陷。文章采用爆炸式粉尘加速器加速微米级铝粉末撞击K8光学玻璃,在玻璃表面产生大量碰撞陷坑形成砂蚀磨损现象,利用CΦ-46型分光计测量光学玻璃的透过率。结果表明,光学玻璃磨损区域的透过率明显下降。透过率下降程度与陷坑数量成比例。通过对单个陷坑的计算,当陷坑深度大于或等于一个粒子直径时,光线衰减程度达到最大。

Spacecraft will be influenced by large amount of microaerolite and small debres in space during flight on orbit. These microaerolite and small debres in space may be absorbed or induce defect such as crater due to impact on the surface of optical glass used in spacecraft.An exploder accelerator is used to accelerate A1 powder in micrometer level and impact on K8 optical glass and produce phenomena of abrisive wear due to collision craters.The transmittance of optical glass is measured using a CΦ-46 type of spectrometer.Results show that the transmittance in the abraded area was remarkably decreased.The decrase extent in transmittance proportion to the number of craters.The caculation on the sigle crater indicates that the light attenuate to the maximum when the depth of crater is larger than and/or equal to one particle's diameter.