忠奸观念与反面人物形象塑造——论金兀朮的“侠义”性格

Faithfulness and deceitfulness of the negative character Jinwu Zhu

《说岳全传》中反面人物金兀忠奸观念和忠义行为表现有四:对南宋忠臣良将、对南宋奸臣、对忠良后代亲人、对奸臣帮凶。如此描写,能活灵活现地刻画人物,以高度典型化的人物形象打动读者,更好地陪衬正面人物,故事情节更扣人心弦。忠奸观念宋元明清时代逐渐突出,金兀形象的忠奸观念也被打上历史烙印。其外在积极表现和内在自律意识均体现了侠义,这种义还是忠义正统观念与民俗心理和平民意识交互影响的产物。如此塑造金兀形象也有现实原因。总之,小说忠奸伦理描写的成熟,反映了正统思想、汉民族渴望摆脱民族压迫,唤起民族意识的时代要求和愿望,有引起读者认同互动的创作动机。

Jinwu Zhu is the negative character in the novel of Yuefei . His character traits are manifested in the following aspects: be faithful and deceitful to Nansong Dynasty officials, and be kind to the children and relatives of the loyal soldiers. These character traits serve well as a contrast to the positive characters in the novel. They also indicate that in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the concepts of faithfulness and deceitfulness became more conspicuous, and the cultures of the south and north started to be mixed and exchanged. The descriptions of faithfulness and deceitfulness in the novel also reveal the desire of people for freedom and unification of the time.