责任原则在我国刑法典中的体现——兼论刑法第14条第二款和第15条第二款的删除与修改

The Embodiment of Principle of Culpability in China's Criminal Code——On the amendment of the article 14 and the clause 2 of article 15 simultaneously

关于刑法第14条第二款和第15条第二款的删除与保留问题,学者之间存在针锋相对的观点。这一争论的实质就是责任原则及其引申原理在刑法典中如何体现。作为刑法基本原则的责任原则本身应当采取消极、否定的表述方式,同时还应当引申出刑法"以处罚故意为原则,以处罚过失为例外"的原理。我国刑法较好地体现了"无责任则无刑罚"的精神并力图体现其引申原理,但其积极、肯定式的表述方式则存在结构性缺陷。未来修订刑法时,应当按照各国通例,调整其表述方式。

About the deleting or preserving of the article 14 and the clause 2 of article 15,scholars have completely different point views.The essence of this differences is how principle of culpability and its deduction be embodied in the Criminal Law Code.As one of the basically principles of criminal law,the principle of culpability should be expressed negatively.At the same time,it should deduce the tenet of 'criminal law punishes intending act principally and faulty act exceptionally'.Current criminal law code embodies the principle of 'nulla poena sine culpa' and intends to embody its deduction.But its positive expression has structural defect.So when the Criminal Law Code is to be amended,we should observe the general model and adjust its pattern of expression.