期待可能性实质与地位探究

Expected Possibility's Essence and Position

起源于19世纪未的期待可能性理论及其司法适用在德日逐渐受到严格限制,甚至弃用。在我国,学者们主张在普遍性的意义上使用期待可能性,使期待可能性理论成为一般性的刑罚恕免事由。期待可能性的实质是犯罪动机,但将期待可能性作为可免除刑事责任的一般性犯罪动机加以规定,极有可能会使刑法丧失一般预防作用,破坏刑法的稳定性。因此,期待可能性作为一个可免责的犯罪动机类型只能由刑法在紧急避险中加以规定,不宜将其作为普适性的免责事由加以使用。

Originated in the 19th century,the theory of 's application in German and Japan was restricted and reduced gradually.In China,academicians claim that this theory should be used a general penalty-free rea-son.Expected possibility's essential is criminal motive.As a general penalty-free reason,expected possibility will undermine the stability of the criminal code.So,expected possibility should only be provided for act of rescue by the criminal law and should not enlarge its applicable scope.