伦理知识学——《新伦理学》研究(8)

The Science of Ethical Knowledge:A Study on New Ethics(8)

伦理知识学是伦理思想、伦理方法和伦理理论的负载形态,它由纵横两个维度构成。《新伦理学》所构建起来的伦理知识学是由元伦理知识、道德知识、美德知识三者构成,它是以判断、命题、公理、公设、原则、规则、规范为基本内容所构建起来的横向伦理知识体系,这一伦理知识体系内容之于生存个体,更多的是要求遵守、服从,而不是个性的生长。因为它强调"社会制定",而不是承传性生成。健康的、促进人性全面塑造的横向伦理知识体系应该以其纵向伦理知识体系的构建为土壤。伦理学的纵向伦理知识体系由伦理实存知识、伦理应存知识、伦理必存知识统合构建。真正的伦理知识学,是融其时代精神和对伦理传统的承传为两维视野,以对人的自由内观能力的昭示为基本任务,以培养和提升人的自由内观能力为目标。

As the carrier of ethical thinking,methodology and theories,the science of ethical knowledge has the horizontal and the vertical system dimensions.New Ethics builds up a threefold horizontal ethical knowledge system consisting of meta-ethical knowledge,moral knowledge,and virtue knowledge in the form of judgment,preposition,axiom,postulation,principle,regulation,and norms.This system requires more of the individual to obey and abide rather than to grow in his character as its emphasis is laid on 'social binding' and not on generation of inheritance.A healthy knowledge system that is productive to the comprehensive development of human character should lay its basis in the vertical dimension of knowledge.This knowledge system should be built in the integration of ethical 'is' knowledge,ethical 'should be' knowledge,and ethical 'must be' knowledge.Authentic science of ethical knowledge combines the spirit of the age with ethical tradition to develop people's free introspection ability.