空军飞行人员营养膳食状况调查

dietary survey of air force flying personnel

目的 掌握当前飞行人员营养状况以及存在的问题,提出纠正措施. 方法 采用称重法进行膳食调查,食物重量精确到10 g,每个伙食单位连续调查3 d,其中包括1个飞行日.数据录入采用本所自行设计开发的'营养计算软件',该软件数据库采用中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所编制的<中国食物成分表2004>. 结果 飞行人员膳食摄入中蛋白质和脂肪偏高、碳水化合物偏低.维生素a、维生素b1、维生素b2摄入量仅达到或接近标准低限,微量元素达到标准要求.南方和北方部队在膳食结构上没有明显差别. 结论 飞行人员膳食结构不平衡,某些营养素超标和另一些营养素缺乏同时存在.应采取措施减少脂肪摄入量,增加水果蔬菜和动物脏腑以提高维生素摄入量.

objective to investigate the current dietary status and its problems of military flying personnel and suggest relevant measures to solve these problems. methods the dietary survey was carried out by weighing method that with 10-gram precision and by recording food intake for three consecutive days (including 1 flying day). nutrition survey software, which was developed by the institute according to china food composition 2004 edition by chinese center for disease control and prevention, institute of nutrition and food security, was used to calculate the nutrient intake. results the dietary survey showed that flying personnel's protein and fat intakes were over the recommended standard while carbohydrate intake was under the standard. the intakes of vitamin a, vitamin b_1 and vitamin b_2 were just around the low limits of the recommended military dietary standard. the intakes of trace elements met the requirement for military flying personnel. there was no significant difference of dietary pattern between the flying personnel stationed in the north and in the south. conclusions the dietary pattern of flying personnel is in unbalanced status that appeared as nutrient intakes either insufficient or overtaking. such measures are suggested as to control fat intake and increase the intakes of vegetables, fruits and organs of animals in order to ensure necessary vitamin intakes.