利比亚战后中利石油合作面临的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Chinese Oil Companies post Libyan War

利比亚石油资源丰富,石油探明储量为464×108bbl,位居非洲第一位,生产的石油主要用于出口。中利石油合作起步较晚,但发展迅速,已形成以石油工程服务为主、石油贸易与区块勘探开发合作逐渐起步的局面。随着战后利比亚新政权的建立,中利石油合作面临的机遇与挑战并存,但挑战大于机遇。中非传统友好关系和中非经贸合作的深入发展为中利石油合作提供了有利的外部环境,雄厚的资金和成本优势是中国石油企业参与利比亚石油生产的竞争优势。利比亚石油生产短期内难以恢复、来自西方国家的竞争加剧以及利比亚战争后混乱的国内局势等问题是中利石油合作的不利因素。为了进一步加强中利石油合作,建议双方开展一揽子合作,注重帮助利比亚改善基础设施,改善民生;通过联合参股方式,加强与当地石油企业、欧美石油公司的合作;在利比亚重建过程中发挥中国技术和人力资源成本低廉等优势;加强对利比亚国内局势的研究和了解,及时提供事态预警。

Libya has significant oil resources,with 464×108bbl of proven oil reserves,the biggest deposit in Africa.Most oil produced by the country is exported.The oil cooperation between China and Libya came late but is growing rapidly.The majority of the two countries' oil cooperation is on oil engineering services and oil trade and oil exploration and production are also growing.Chinese oil companies are facing both opportunities and challenges in Libya after the establishment of the new regime although the challenges are greater than the opportunities.The amicable traditional relationship and economic and trade cooperation between China and Africa have created a favorable environment for the partnership between China and Libya in the oil sector.Strong capital and cost advantages are the advantages Chinese oil companies have to compete in Libya's oil production sector.The oil production in Libya is unable to recover in the short term.This and the intensified competition from Western oil companies as well as the chaos in the country after the civil war,have posed the adverse factors to the oil cooperation between China and Libya.In order to strengthen this cooperation,the article suggests the two sides launch a package of projects to improve Libya's infrastructure and people's livelihood and suggests Chinese enterprises strengthen their cooperation with local and western oil companies in Libya by buying stakes in projects,make the best of their cost(technology and labor) advantages in the Libyan reconstruction,and beef up their research and monitoring of the situation in Libya in order to provide early warnings.