尼龙66织物的磷氮复合阻燃整理

Phosphorus-nitrogen-containing flame retardant finishing of PA66 fabric

摘要:采用有机磷酸酯和含氮阻燃剂复配阻燃体系对尼龙66(PA66)织物进行阻燃整理。探讨了阻燃剂用量及配比、焙烘温度对织物燃烧性能的影响。优化的阻燃整理工艺条件为:含磷阻燃剂和含氮阻燃剂质量比1:3,阻燃剂30%,焙烘温度160℃。经阻燃整理的尼龙66织物具有良好的耐熔滴性,其极限氧指数可达35.0%,损毁长度降至4.2 cm,续燃时间仅为1.04 s,断裂强力仅下降3.6%。热重分析(TGA和DTA)表明,阻燃整理后的PA66织物在燃烧过程中分解温度提前,降解速率变小,残炭量增加;扫描电镜(SEM)发现,燃烧残余物表面有蜂窝状的孔洞。该阻燃体系通过气相阻燃、吸热阻燃及凝聚相成炭阻燃等多重阻燃机制,提高了PA66织物的阻燃性能。

A flame retardant system containing organic phosphate and nitrogen is applied to PA66 fabric. The influence of the mass ratio of phosphorus to nitrogen constituent, the flame retardant concentration, and curing temperature on combustion properties of PA66 fabric are investigated. The optimized process is defined as follows: the mass ratio of phosphorus to nitrogen compound is 1 : 3, the flame retardant concentration is 30%, and curing temperature is 160 ℃ The treated PA66 fabric has good resistance to melt drop with a LOI value of up to 35.0%, damaged length of 4.2 cm, after-flame time of 1.04 s and minimal loss of mechanical properties. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA and DTA) indicates that the initial degradation temperature of the finished PA66 fabric is lower than that of the untreated sample. The decomposition rate decreases and carbon residue increases during combustion after treatment. SEM images of residues of treated and untreated PA66 fabric show that the cross-section of residue has a honeycomb-like intumescent structure. It is suggested that this system can improve the flame retardancy of PA66 fabric by the interaction of gas phase flame retarding, endothermic flame retarding and condensed phase flame retarding.