小型薯类收获机设计与田间试验

Design and Experiment of a Small-size Potato Harvester

为了满足丘陵山地薯类机械化收获的需要,设计开发出了一种小型薯类收获机,重点解决小型薯类收获机在作业过程中存在的薯土分离不净、杂草雍堵、破碎率较高等问题。该机增设了防缠绕装置,有效解决了杂草雍堵和壅土问题。应用升运链式分离结构,并对挖掘结构优化设计,有效实现薯土分离,降低了破薯率。田间试验表明:在低速工作状态下,机器平均损失率为2.12%,平均伤薯率为4.99%,平均明薯率为97.83%;在高速工作状态下,机器平均损失率为0.51%,平均伤薯率为3.25%,平均明薯率为99.49%。该机能满足不同土壤的作业要求,作业效果良好。

In order to meet the need of harvesting potato grow on hills and mountains,a small-size harvest machine for potato is designed and developped.The design project focuses on how to solve the problem of the imperfect separation of potato and soil,blockage caused by weeds,and the high injury rate.The addition of anti-winding machine harvesting device,effectively solutes to block and to obstruct the soil weed problems.Application of elevator chain separation structure,and structural optimization and design of mining,can be effective realization of potato soil separation,reducing the rate of broken potato.The field tests showed that the machine in low speed operation,the average loss rate:2.12%,the average injury rate of potato:4.99%,an average that potato was:97.83%,the machine high-speed operation,the average loss rate:0.51%,the average injury rate of potato:3.25%,the average rate of potato:99.49%.this harvester can work very well in varies kinds of soil,the result is good.