从权利到利益:一个环境法基本概念的法律框架

From Rights to Interests——The Legal Framework of the Basic Concepts of Environmental Law

环境问题的真正根源是社会关系和社会结构的非正义性,应当走出"全称命题"与"重自然轻人类"的关怀偏好,通过社会结构与社会关系的调整来解决环境问题。环境利益是环境时代的利益形态,是人类利益的重要组成部分。论文基于中国社会转型背景,通过环境权理论假说来揭示环境利益的构成与实质,环境利益是一种区分的利益形态,不是泛道德化的利益请求与公共利益的大词哲学。环境利益的法律结构包括环境利益表达、环境利益确认、环境利益保护与限制和环境利益增进等四个方面。

The real cause for environmental problems is the injustice of social relationship and social structure.We should get out of the inclined preference of the so-called 'universal statement' and 'heavily emphasizing the environment but depreciating human beings',and settle those problems via adjusting social relations and social structure.Environmental interests are the presentation of the interests in environmental era,whose distribution is the normative concerns of environmental law.Based on the background of Chinese social transformation,this paper believes that the regular legal hermeneutic view is adopted to confirm the exact conception of environmental interests through deconstructing the conception of environment.It is considered that environmental interests presents a divisive interests form instead of interests demands of pan-morality and the 'grand-word philosophy' of public interests.The construction of the regulatory legal structure of environmental interests includes: the expression of environmental interests,the legal conformation of environmental interests,the protection and limited legal system of environmental interests,and the improvement of environmental interests.