草地生态系统碳循环研究评述

Review about the Carbon Cycle Researches in Grassland Ecosystem

本文就目前草地生态系统碳循环研究的主要问题进行了综述,重点阐述了四个方面的内容:1、草地生态系统碳贮量,包括植被及土壤碳贮量,草地NPP及生物量的分布特征和测定;2、草地土壤呼吸,认为其是草地碳循环中最主要的环节,是目前研究的重点;3、气候及人类活动(开垦和放牧等)对草地生态系统碳循环的影响;4、二氧化碳增加对草地碳循环的可能影响,并对研究工作中的难点做了简要评述。

The some major research field of the carbon cycle in grassland ecosystem are reviewed that, and some problems are put forward about these researches. These reviews are focused on as follows: 1. The carbon storage in grassland ecosystem, which include the carbon storage in plant carbon pool and soil carbon pool;the distribution and measure on NPP and biomass in grassland. 2. The soil respiration in grassland, it was considered the most important process in the carbon cycle in grassland. 3. The effect of the climate and human activity such as reclamation, graze and fire, upon the carbon cycle in grassland. 4. The potential effect of increasing carbon dioxide in atmosphere on the carbon cycle in grassland. Some major problems are as follows: 1. The measure method and the origin of the data of carbon storage and flux for contrast and statistical analysis in worldwide grasslands are different; 2. It is very difficult distinguishing the four process of soil respiration, namely, three biological process, including soil microbial respiration, root respiration and soil animal respiration, and one abiological process, thus the effect of each process on carbon flux is not very clear; 3. The research on the effect of human activity on carbon cycle in grassland should be intensified.