双子表面活性剂的粘度行为

The Viscosity Behavior of Gemini Surfactants

对阳离子双子表面活性剂在溶液中的粘度行为进行了研究.发现联结基长度与双子表面活性剂在稀溶液中能否表现出粘度行为有很大关系,联结基数s=2、3、4的双子表面活性剂稀溶液表现出显著的增粘性,但s=4的某些双子表面活性剂的粘度具有时间依赖性,而s=6的双子表面活性剂则没有明显的粘度行为.双子表面活性剂烷基链越长,其增粘能力也越强,联结基数s=2或3的部分双子表面活性剂,其粘度随温度的变化有一最大值.双子表面活性剂与有机酸盐的复合物也表现出很强的增粘行为.

The viscosity behaviors of cationic gemini surfactants were investigated and the behaviors were found to be closely related to spacer groups and alkyl chains of the gemini surfactants. For gemini surfactants; with shorter spacer group, i. e. s = 2, 3 or 4, their solutions exhibit striking viscosity behaviors. However, there is a time effect on viscosity for solutions of some gemini surfactants with s = 4. But for gemini surfactants with spacer group s = 6, the solutions have almost the same viscosity as that of solvent even at high concentration. The viscosity increases with the increasing of alkyl carbon number at the same surfactant concentration. For some surfactants with spacer group s = 2 or 3, the viscosities of solutions undergo a maximum as a function of temperature. The mixtures of gemini surfactants and sodium salicylate (NaSal) also exhibit a great viscosification.