饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及肠黏膜形态的影响

Effects of Lactoferrin Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora and Mucosal Morphology of Early Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在研究在饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白(lactoferrin,LF)对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及肠黏膜形态的影响。试验选用96头体重相近的21日龄"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+250 mg/kg乳铁蛋白、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白和基础饲粮+750 mg/kg乳铁蛋白,每组4个重复,每个重复6头仔猪。正试期21 d。结果表明,与对照组和750 mg/kg乳铁蛋白组相比,饲粮中添加250和500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白可显著提高仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05);与对照组相比,不同水平乳铁蛋白可显著降低盲肠中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05),其中添加500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白显著提高了盲肠、结肠中乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05),显著降低了结肠中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05);添加250和500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白极显著提高了十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值(P<0.01)。结果提示,饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白可刺激肠道有益菌生长、降低有害菌增殖,从而改善肠道功能,具有提高仔猪生长性能的作用,本试验条件下乳铁蛋白的适宜添加量为250 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of lactoferrin(LF)on growth performance,intestinal microflora and mucosal morphology in early weaned piglets.Ninety-six piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates in every group and 6 piglets in every replicate.The four groups were basal diet group,basal diet+250 mg/kg LF group,basal diet+500 mg/kg LF group and basal diet+750 mg/kg LF group,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed that compared with the control and 750 mg/kg LF group,diets supplemented with 250 and 500 mg/kg LF could significantly improve average daily gain(P<0.05);compared with the control group,LF could reduce the sum of Escherichia coli in caecum(P<0.05).The supplementation of 500 mg/kg LF was significantly increased Lactobacillus number in caecum and colon(P<0.05)as well as significantly reduced Escherichia coli number in colon(P<0.05).The supplementation of 250 and 500 mg/kg LF were extremely significantly increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in duodenum,jejunum and ileum(P<0.01).The results indicate that supplementation of LF can improve the growth performance and regulate intestinal microflora as well as mucosal morphology.The optimum supplemental level of LF is 250 mg/kg under this experimental condition.