苯丙氨酸缺乏幼建鲤的病理组织学观察及抗氧化能力变化

Juvenile Jian Carp(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) with Phenylalanine Deficiency: Observation of Histopathological Changes and Antioxidant Ability

本试验旨在研究苯丙氨酸缺乏对幼建鲤组织器官病理变化和抗氧化能力的影响。将平均体重为(7.53±0.01)g的幼建鲤随机分为2组(每组4个重复,每个重复50尾鱼),分别饲喂苯丙氨酸含量为1.9(缺乏组)和10.9 g/kg(对照组)的试验饲料60 d。结果表明:苯丙氨酸缺乏引起幼建鲤尾鳍向上弯曲;肠上皮细胞坏死、脱落,肠黏膜固有层水肿;肝细胞空泡变性;胰腺细胞肿胀,胰腺腺泡中酶原颗粒减少;脾脏含铁血红素沉积;肌纤维肌浆凝固,部分肌浆溶解或肌纤维断裂;后肾肾小球充血、肿大,管腔轻度变形;鳃小片毛细血管扩张充血,严重者鳃小片溶解、脱落,软骨消失;脂质过氧化和蛋白质氧化增加,血清抗氧化酶活性、谷胱甘肽含量以及自由基清除能力降低。由此得出,苯丙氨酸缺乏会造成幼建鲤组织器官不同程度的病理损伤以及抗氧化能力的降低。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of phenylalanine deficiency on histopathological changes and antioxidant ability of juvenile Jian carp(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian).A total of 400 juvenile Jian carp with an average body weight of(7.53±0.01) g were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicate,and the fish in the 2 groups were fed with diets containing 1.9(deficiency group) and 10.9 g/kg(control group) phenylalanine,respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows: phenylalanine deficiency resulted in juvenile Jian carp tailfin upsweep;mortification and exfoliation of intestinal epithelium cell,and hydrops of lamina propria;vacuolar degeneration of hepatocyte;swelling of pancreatic gland cell and zymogen granule reduction in pancreatic gland acinus;ferrugination ferroheme deposition of spleen;carcoplasm solidification,dissolution or fragmentation of muscle fiber;renal glomerulus hyperemia and intumescence of hind kidney,and lumens slightly disfiguration;blood capillary hyperemia,dissolution and exfoliation as well as cartilage disappear of gill flake.Moreover,lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were increased,and the activities of antioxidant enzymes,glutathione content and free radical-scavenging ability in serum were decreased.The results indicate that phenylalanine deficiency can induce pathological injure of tissues and organs at different degree,as well as decrease antioxidant ability of juvenile Jian carp.