动物食欲调节的中枢信号通路

Central Appetite-Regulating Signaling Pathways in Animals

下丘脑是动物食欲调节的中枢,外周食欲信号在下丘脑中经食欲调节网络整合,产生饱感或饥饿。其中,以5'-磷酸腺苷激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)调控位点上的AMPK-ACC-CPT1和UCP2-FOXO1-pCREB信号通路以及雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)调控位点上的PI3K-Akt-mTOR和mTOR-4EBP1/p70S6K-NPY/AgRP信号通路尤为重要。AMPK和mTOR在AMPK-TSC-mTOR通路、固醇类调节因子绑定蛋白(SREBP)基因表达和吞噬启动激酶(Ulk1)活性通路上存在互作。外周营养和能量信号传输到下丘脑后,经过这些网络的传输和分析,作用于下丘脑中的食欲相关肽,最终调控动物的采食行为。

Hypothalamus is the center of appetite regulation in animals,which integrates the peripheral and central signals to generate satiety or hunger.5′-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) are the signals found recently in the network of food or feed intake regulation in the hypothalamus.The pathways of AMPK-ACC-CPT1,UCP2-FOXO1-pCREB,PI3K-Akt-mTOR and mTOR-4EBP1/p70S6K-NPY/AgRP are the most important ones.AMPK and mTOR might cross talk in the way of AMPK-TSC-mTOR,the gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins(SREBP) and the activity of UNC-51-like kinase(Ulk1).These signaling pathways respond to the signal transmission of nutrients and hormones to the hypothalamus,and regulate the expression of the anorexic or orexigenic peptides,and finally regulate the animal appetite.