乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。

Lactobacilli have been widely applied to exert health benefits for human and animals.This article reviewed the recent advances in the mechanisms underlying the health-promoting functions of Lactobacilli.Lactobacilli can secrete antimicrobial compounds(lactic acid,H2O2 or bacteriocin),or compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrient or attachment site in the intestinal tract.Probiotic Lactobacilli are suggested to strengthen the epithelial barrier by induction of mucin secretion or prevention of epithelial cell apoptosis.This review focused on Lactobacilli surface factors such as surface protein,teichoic acids and peptidoglycan,and their intestinal receptors(C-type lectin receptor,toll-like receptor,and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptors,NLRs).Their combination may modulate immune signaling pathways and promote immune function in the gut,resulting in beneficial effects on host.