铁路桥梁结构设计规范由容许应力法转换为极限状态法的思考

Thoughts on Transformation of the Code for Railway Bridge Design from Allowable Stress Method to Limit State Method

基于可靠度理论的极限状态法已经成为国际桥梁工程设计的主流方法。我国铁路桥梁工程采用容许应力法进行设计已逾60年。目前,我国建筑、公路工程等已采用极限状态法进行结构设计。随着铁路现代化建设的不断深入,容许应力法已经不能适应铁路桥梁技术快速发展的需要。从介绍容许应力法和极限状态法优缺点入手,结合国内外桥梁设计方法现状,分析我国铁路桥梁采用极限状态法设计的必要性和可行性,以及设计方法转换中存在的问题,并提出相关建议。

Limit state method based on reliability theory has become the main design method of the international bridge engineering.Railway bridge has used allowable stress method for structure design more than 60 years in our country.At present,buildings,highway engineering etc have adopted the limit state method for structure design.With the deepening of the railway modernization,allowable stress method has been unable to meet the needs of rapid development of the railway bridge technology.This article firstly expounds the advantages and disadvantages of allowable stress method and limit state method,then analyses the necessity and feasibility of using limit state method in railway bridge design,combined with the introduction of bridge design methods home and abroad,finally puts forward the problems and suggestions of changing design methods.