唐娜·哈拉维的情境化知识观解析

An Analysis of Donna Haraway's Situated Knowledge

情境化的知识概念是女性主义认识论的中心概念,对此,女性主义认识论者已经在认识论传统内的三个方面发展了知识的情境的三种进路:女性主义经验论、女性主义立场论和后现代女性主义。唐娜·哈拉维作为后现代女性主义的代表对知识也进行了独特的解析。基于对一般情境化知识的理解,进一步对哈拉维的情境化知识作出剖析,可以发现哈拉维的情境化知识区别于一般情境化知识的特点以及与传统的科学知识观的异同。哈拉维的情境化知识分析对奠定女性主义科学批判和女性主义科学的基础具有重要作用。

Situated knowledge is a central concept in feminist epistemology and accordingly,feminist epistemologists have developed several approaches to the situation of knowledge in the broader traditional epistemology: feminist empiricism,feminist standpoint and feminist postmodernism.As a representative of postmodern feminism,Donna Haraway analyzed knowledge from a unique perspective.This paper,based on an discussion of general situated knowledge,attempts to analyze Haraway's situated knowledge with an aim to identifying the characteristics that distinguish Donna Haraway's situated knowledge from the general situated knowledge,and finding out the similarities and differences between Haraway's situated knowledge and the traditional views of scientific knowledge.It is noted that Haraway's research on situated knowledge plays an important role in laying the foundation for feminist critique of science and feminist science.