天然草场改良破土切根机油耗试验与分析

Fuel Consumption Test and Analysis for a Soil-gashing and Root-cutting Machine

由于国际油价持续震荡和上涨,使得燃油的使用在农业机械作业成本中占有越来越重要的地位。研究天然羊草草场切根改良作业过程中关键参数对机组油耗的影响,能够节约燃油,降低作业成本。为此,针对9QP-840型草地盘齿式破土切根机,设计了天然草场的油耗试验以及集成精度为5%的燃油测量试验平台,运用单因素试验和二次回归通用旋转组合设计方法,进行了天然草场的破土切根作业油耗试验,建立了数学模型并进行了优化,得到的回归方程显著,优化和预测性能好;运用单因素分析、主因素分析和等值线分析方法进行数据综合分析,结果表明:切根深度对油耗影响最大;动力输出轴转速在720r/min、切根深度为150mm时,作业高效低耗;对东方红X804拖拉机实际操作,中Ⅱ挡为作合理作业速度挡位;作业参数优化后比优化前燃油成本节约了26.6%,机械生产率提高21.6%。

Soil-gashing and root-cutting machine can dramatically improve the soil condition of degenerated grassland(Leymus-chinenisis).Fuel consumption of the machine is an important factor that affects the cost of tillage.However,the rule of the fuel consumption was unknown.A method of selecting the optimal parameters for this tillage technology was presented in this paper.Fuel consumption tests were conducted to evaluate the influences of three important parameters: the penetrate depth,tractor speed and PTO shaft speed.Quadratic regression general rotation design was employed.Fuel measurement platform with high measurement accuracy of 5% is integrated for the test.The analysis of data adopts single factor analysis,principal component analysis and contour analysis.The results show that the penetrate depth is the maximum impact factor of fuel consumption.A Fuel Consumption Model(FCM) is derived and modified.FCM can be used to predict fuel consumption,select appropriate work parameters.The fuel cost decreased by 26.6%and the productivity increased by 21.6% after the optimization by FCM.