大蒜生产机械的现状与发展

Status and Development of Garlic Production Machinery

阐述了大蒜机械化播种、收获的优势和大蒜生产机械化的必要性,分析了国内外大蒜生产机械化的研究现状,以及国内目前研究进展情况、已研发机型种类和存在的不足。明确提出了只有种植机械标准化、规范化,收获机械才能得到推广应用。而种植机械发展急需解决的瓶颈问题,是定向种植,也就是满足大蒜种植农艺要求—播种时鳞芽朝上。目前还没有成熟的、满足农艺要求的大蒜播种机械,长期以来主要依靠人工进行栽种,生产效率低,劳动强度大。不少科研单位、高校都在着手研发大蒜播种机械,从不同方向解决蒜瓣方向控制的关键问题。随着科研项目的推进,国家惠农政策的拉动,并不断借鉴国外先进技术和经验,瓶颈问题会逐渐得到解决,大蒜生产机械化必将推广与发展。

On the basis of elaborating the advantages of garlic mechanized sowing and harvesting and the necessary of garlic production mechanization,the research status of garlic production mechanization at home and abroad as well as the domestic present research development situation and the type and the existence insufficiency of the developed machines have been analyzed.It proposed explicitly that only planting machinery was standardization,the harvest machinery could be widely used.The bottleneck question the development of planting machinery need to solve is directional planting,which satisfies garlic planting agricultural demands,what is the scale bud facing on when sowing.At present,there is not maturely garlic sowing machinery which can satisfy the agricultural demands,since long,planting mainly replies on artificially,the production efficiency is low,the labor intensity is big.Many scientific research Units and universities are beginning to research and develop the garlic sowing machinery and solve the key questions of garlic cloves directional control from different direction.Along with scientific research item's advancement,the drawing of national benefit farming policy,and will profit from the overseas vanguard technology and experience unceasingly,the bottleneck question will be solved gradually,the garlic production mechanization will certainly to be promoted and developed.