“年例”习俗与宗族认同——以粤西电白县潭村为中心的研究

The Folklore of Nianli and Gens Identity——A Case Study on Tan Cun of Dian Bai County in Western Guangdong Province

每年正月初二至二月底,粤西民间传统节日——年例都会如期举行,历经数百年而不衰。本研究是在对电白潭村年例进行持续四年田野调查的基础上完成的。本文对年例习俗作了详细的介绍,包括历史起源、民间信仰、活动过程、经费管理等,探讨了当代乡村都市化对年例的影响,阐明了年例如何强化宗族认同、人际交往、娱人娱神等功能。年例活动以仪式的宏大场面凸显了村落的宗族认同,是宗族的一次盛宴。

From the second day in the first month of the Chinese lunar year to the end of the second month, there is a traditional festival named 'Nianli' held as scheduled in the west of Guangdong province. The festival lasts for hundreds of years. This thesis is in the basic of the four-year investigation on a country called Tancun. This thesis gives a detailed introduction to the festival 'Nianli' , including its origin, development and current situation, etc. This thesis also analyzes the changes of its function from the viewpoint of the cultural Anthropology. In a word, 'Nianli' can ensure the membership in the clan and enhance the social interaction. It is a feast of the clansmen.