城市小学校园雨水利用规模与效益分析

Scale and benefit of rainwater utilization in primary school campus

雨水收集利用,具有开发水源、滞洪、蓄洪、美化环境等多重功能。学校雨水可收集范围大,冲厕、绿化浇灌用水用量较大,可优先作为雨水利用示范区域。以合肥市某小学为例,依据多年日降雨数据记录,利用MATLAB软件编程进行水量日平衡法模拟,从水量平衡、经济性角度计算出最佳的蓄水池容积、雨水利用率及自来水替代率等利用能力指标,分析评价了雨水利用规模和效益。随着水资源日益紧缺,面源污染的加剧,学校雨水利用具有较好的节水意义和发展前景。

The rainwater utilization possesses multiple functions as water sources exploration,flood detention,flood storage,and environment beautification.Since there is a great need of water for toilet-flushing,irrigation of gardening campus,and the rainwater collecting area on campus is large,so it can be identified as the exemplary zone for rainwater utilization.This research imitated the daily water balance method by using MATLAB programming and based on the daily rainfall data records in a primary school of Hefei.The reasonable reservoir volume,rate of rainwater utilization and tap water substitution were determined from the perspectives of water balance,economical efficiency,the scale and benefit of campus rainwater utilization.With the ever increasing scarcity of water resources and the water pollution,rainwater utilization in school campus has a great water saving significance and developing prospect of development.