从"宽容"到"严格限制"的转变——战后初期英国对日经济政策(1945-1951)

Transition from Tolerance to Severe Restriction--British Economic Policy to Japan in the Early Period of Post-WWⅡ(1945-1951)

战后初期,英国对日经济政策有一个变化的过程。初期,英国主张对日本应该采取宽容的政策,既要翦除日本对外侵略的威胁,又要复兴日本经济。后期,由于亚洲冷战战略的需要,美国改变对日政策,开始全面扶植日本;而日本则在美国的帮助下在东南亚寻找经济出路,这与英国的利益发生了冲突。这两方面的原因促使英国政府调整对日经济政策,强调限制日本的经济扩张以维护本国利益。

In the early period of post-WWⅡ, there was a change in the British economic policy to Japan.At first,British government believed that it was necessary to eradicate the root of Japanese militarism,but it was also important to encourage Japanese economic revitalization. With the clouding of Asian cold war,the USA changed its policy to Japan and began to take it as an alliance in Asia against communist countries.And with the help of USAJapan tried to look for its export market in Southeast Asia,which came into conflict with British interests and initiated policy changing of Britain.It began to emphasize the importance to limit Japanese economic expansion and defend its national interests.