骨顶鸡(Fulica atra)繁殖季节炫耀台与巢的差异研究(英文)

Use of display platforms of Common Coots (Fulica atra) compared with the use of nests during breeding seasons

2008年和2009年4月至6月在黑龙江省安邦河自然保护区和大庆龙凤自然保护区调查了骨顶鸡(Fulica atra)的繁殖种群。研究发现骨顶鸡繁殖季节在领域内会建造炫耀台,平均每对建造3.1个(2–7)。与巢相比,炫耀台结构简陋,隐蔽性较差,距水面高度显著低于巢,但两者巢下水深差异不显著。炫耀台主要用于休息、理羽和交尾,也用于储存食物。繁殖季节,巢的建造一般晚于炫耀台,巢建成之后对炫耀台的使用率下降,骨顶鸡在巢上的交尾次数高于炫耀台。我们比较了不同繁殖阶段雌雄骨顶鸡对巢和炫耀台的使用率差异,结果显示雌性对巢的使用率高于炫耀台,雄性对炫耀台的使用率高于雌性,表明雌性对繁殖投入更大,雄性对领域保护投入更大。由于骨顶鸡在繁殖季节具有领域性,炫耀台在领域边界的确认和识别中可能扮演重要角色。

We investigated a breeding population of Common Coots (Fulica atra) from April to June in 2008 and 2009.We found that each pair of coots built display platforms beside their nest in their territory during the breeding season.On average,3.1 (range 2-7) platforms were built by each pair of coots.Display platforms were simpler with less coverage and were significantly lower above the water surface than nests; however,their depth below the water surface was not significantly different.Platforms were primarily used for roosting,preening and mating in the breeding season,but they were also used to store animal food.In the breeding season,nest was usually built later than platforms,the use ratio (total and daily frequency) of platforms decreased after nest was built,and more mating behavior was performed on the nest than on the platform.We compared the use ratio of both sexes to the nest and platforms in different breeding phases; the results show that females used the nest more than the platforms,while males used the platforms more than the females,suggesting that females pay more attention to breeding,while males put more energy in territorial defense.Since coots are territorial during the breeding season,the platforms may play an important role in confirming and recognizing territorial boundaries.