堵河流域致洪暴雨气候特征分析(英文)

Climatic Characteristics Analysis of Flood-producing Rainstorm in Duhe River Basin

利用1998～2005年资料对堵河流域面雨量、流域内主要水文站点的流量及堵河下游的黄龙滩水库坝前水位等气象水文要素进行全面分析,给出了堵河流域致洪暴雨标准,分析堵河流域致洪暴雨时空分布特征和环流形势特征,结果表明:①堵河流域致洪暴雨主要为连续性强降水,具有持续时间长的特点。②堵河中上游的西南部及竹溪泉河、竹山官渡河地区对流域降水贡献最大,其次是竹溪河地区。③堵河流域致洪暴雨发生的有利环流特征为:西太平洋副高位置适当,700hPa在副高和大陆高压间形成东北～西南向幅合带,西南地区低涡发展东移;850hPa高原南部低值系统发展并逐日东移至重庆地区,在堵河流域附近形成低涡或切变。物理量场特征为:暴雨前高原地区及堵河流域以南地区增暖明显,影响冷空气以偏东路径为主;暴雨925～500hPa在30°～40°N为NEE～SWW走向的等θse密集带,水汽辐合逐渐有利于堵河流域暴雨的发生。

Based on the data from 1998 to 2005,area rainfall,flow of main hydrologic stations in Duhe River and upstream water level of the dam of Huanglongtan Reservoir in the lower reaches of Duhe River were analyzed,and the standard of flood-producing rainstorm in Duhe River was given,while temporal and spatial distribution and circulation flow situation characteristic of flood-producing rainstorm in Duhe River were studied.The results showed that the flood-producing rainstorm in Duhe River was mainly continuous intensive precipitation with the characteristic of long duration.There was most rainfall in Zhuxiquan River,Zhushanguandu River and southwest part of the middle and upper reaches of Duhe River,and next came Zhuxi River.Flood-producing rainstorm occurred in Duhe River with some favorable circulation features.For example,it was more favorable in the west Pacific subtropical high,and the convergence zone at northeast-southwest direction was formed between subtropical high and continental high pressure at 700 hPa,while southwest vortex moved eastward.Low pressure system at 850 hPa in south part of plateau developed and moved eastward to Chongqing region and formed low vortex or shear near Duhe River basin.Moreover,the characteristics of physical quantity field were analyzed,the results showed that temperature in plateau area and the south area of Duhe River basin increased obviously before rainstorm,and east pathway was the main path of cold air which affected flood-producing rainstorm in Duhe River.There was a θse intensive belt with NEE-SWW direction at 30°-40° N at 925-500 hPa,and moisture convergence was beneficial to the occurrence of rainstorm in Duhe River.