山东省1961～2008年极端气温和降水事件变化(英文)

The Variation of Extreme Temperature and Precipitation in Shandong Province during 1961-2008

利用山东78个气象台站1961～2008年逐日平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温及降水量资料,分析极端气温和降水事件变化。结果表明,尽管平均每年全省极端低温日减少0.23d,但是鲁中山区和半岛内陆地区每年春季气温稳定通过10℃后,仍可出现1～2d晚霜冻现象,小麦、果树等每年仍面临冻害风险。尽管全省平均每年极端高温日增加0.19d,但因夏季日最高气温的平均值、标准差减小,2000年以来山东西部地区多年平均日最高气温大于35℃的日数,与常年相比减少1～3d。近50年极端降水变化趋势在统计上并不显著,小雨日数有明显减少趋势,每年减少0.17d,大暴雨的降水频数有增加趋势。

We drew on data of daily average temperature,average maximum temperature,average minimum temperature and precipitation from 78 meteorological stations during 1961-2008 of Shandong Province,analyzed the variation of extreme temperature and precipitation events.The results showed that although extreme cold days decreased by 0.23 d/a on average,after the average temperature steadily passed 10 ℃ in spring,it would still appear 1-2 days of frost,wheat and fruit trees would still suffer frozen injury every year in the central Shandong and the inland of Shandong Peninsula.Although the number of annual extreme hot days has an increasing trend obviously in Shandong and increased by 0.19 days a year.After 2000,aimed at the days of daily maximum temperature ≥ 35 ℃,the mean value and standard deviation of daily maximum temperature in summer decreased comparing with the normal year in West Shandong,and decreased by 1-3 days.In recent 50 years,the extreme precipitation trend increased,but not statistically significant.The number of light rain days has a decreasing trend and decreased by 0.17 days every year,in contrast,the frequency of downpour has an increasing trend.