摘要
通过研究热带风暴对海南岛东寨港海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)-无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)人工红树林及角果木(Ceriops tagal)-红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)天然红树林群落结构的影响表明,热带风暴后海桑-无瓣海桑人工林树高、东西冠幅、南北冠幅平均值分别减少2.8%、14.3%、12.1%,枝下高增加60.0%;角果木-红海榄天然林的树高增加8.3%,东西冠幅、南北冠幅无变化,枝下高增加20.0%;热带风暴对人工林的影响比天然林大;热带风暴前后不同树种的树高增长顺序为角果木>红海榄>无瓣海桑>海桑;对冠幅的影响程度依次为角果木<红海榄<海桑<无瓣海桑;对枝下高的影响程度依次为角果木<红海榄<海桑<无瓣海桑;在热带风暴的影响下,海桑-无瓣海桑人工林凋落的生物量损失平均为0.22t/hm2,干生物量损失平均为0.13t/hm2;角果木-红海榄天然林生物量损失极小。总体而言,人工林中海桑的抗风性优于无瓣海桑,天然林中角果木的抗风性优于红海榄,天然林的抗风性优于人工林。
The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangroves were analyzed in Dongzhai Harbor in Hainan Island,and the results showed that the average tree height,crown width(CW) in east-west direction(E-W) and north-south direction(N-S) of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were decreased by 2.8%,14.3% and 12.1% respectively,but the average clear bole height was increased by 60.0% after tropical storm.For C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves,the average tree height and clear bole height were increased by 8.3% and 20.0%,but there was no change in CW(E-W) and CW(N-S).Therefore,tropical storm had greater effects on artificial mangroves than natural mangroves.After tropical storm,tree heights of different species increased in the following sequence:C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.apetala>S.caseolaris,and the sequence of effect degree on CW was C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.caseolaris>S.apetala,while it was C.tagal < R.stylosa < S.caseolaris < S.apetala for clear bole height.Under the effect of tropical storm,the average biomass loss and dry biomass loss of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were 0.22 and 0.13 t/hm2 respectively,while there was a minimal biomass loss in C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves.On the whole,the wind resistance of natural mangroves was better than artificial mangroves,and that of C.tagal was stronger than R.stylosa,while S.caseolaris was better than S.apetala.
基金
Supported by Scientific Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(2005DIB3J137)
National Key Technology R & D Program in the 11th Five year Plan of China(2006BAD03A1402)
948 Project of The State Forestry Administration(2006-4-34)
The Doctoral Science Foundation of Hainan University(Rndy0703)
关键词
热带风暴
红树林
结构
影响
Tropical storm
Mangroves
Forest structure
Effect
China