三圣妃信仰与三奶夫人信仰关系试析

The Religion of the Three Goddesses and Its Relationship with The Religion of the Three Madams

宋代福建、广东潮州已产生、流行三圣妃信仰,它是林默娘(妈祖)、陈靖姑(临水夫人)等三位女神信仰的统一体,而今闽台等地则广泛流行"陈、林、李"三奶夫人信仰。通过对宋福建《仙溪志》、《临汀志》等之记载的研究,可得出三圣妃信仰即三奶夫人信仰,妈祖信仰、临水夫人信仰既自成体系各自发展又统一于三圣妃信仰,两信仰之间常常相伴相随、难分难解,两种神明的神功、神性常常交叉感染、互相叠加的初步结论,并可局部描述这些信仰在福建、广东传播与呈现的情况。

In Song Dynasty, there has been a Religion of the Three Goddesses in Fujian and Chaozhou, Guangdong, and it is a integration of the belief in the three goddesses such as Lin Moniang (Ma Zu), Chen Jinggu(Madam Linshui). Nowadays, the three madams religion of 'Chen, Lin and Li' is popular in Mintai region. This paper indicates that the Religion of the Three Goddesses is actually the Religion of the Three Madams. Ma Zu religion and Linshui Madam religion respectively have their own development system and meanwhile are unified in the Religion of the Three Goddesses. Ma Zu religion and Linshui Madam religion are usually intertwined together and, exhibit the relevant religions’ dissemination and presentation in Fujian and Guangdong Provinces.