黄河下游河道横断面变化特点分析

Analysis of the change characteristics of river transversal section in downstream of the Yellow River

探讨了黄河下游不同河段断面水力几何形态及断面形态特征参数之间的相互关系与变化特点。研究结果表明:①游荡型河段,河宽随流量的增大而增大,但水深与流量之间基本没有相关关系;②蜿蜒型河段,在水流达到满槽河宽之前,断面几何形态和断面特征参数的变化与游荡型河段相似;在水流达到满槽河宽之后,水面宽与流量关系不大,平均水深与流量成正比关系;③过渡型河段断面特征参数的变化具有游荡型河段的断面特征,又具有弯曲型河段的断面特征。

The different section hydraulic geometry form of and the relationship and change characteristics between section shape characteristic parameters in down stream of yellow River were discussed.The results of the study showed that first,the wandering type river section,the river width increases with the river flow,but the water depth has no relationship with the flow.Second,winding type river section,before water reaches the full river width,the relationship and change characteristics between section shape characteristic parameters are as same as with wandering type river;after water reaches the full river width,the water width has no relationship with the river flow,the average water depth has the direct ratio with river flow.Third,the excessive type river,the change characteristics of river channel transverse section had not only the features of wandering type river,but also that of winding type river.