摘要
2008年9月至2009 年2月,我们采用样点法调查了埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴Entoto自然公园和BoleSub-City两地黑翅牡丹鹦鹉(Agapornis taranta)的种群和受胁状况。两地平均共记录到58只黑翅牡丹鹦鹉,其中Bole Sub-city平均记录到46只,Entoto自然公园则平均记录到12只。在Bole Sub-City记录最多的是其干季,最多记录到57只鹦鹉,而在Entoto自然公园记录最多的是其湿季,最多记录到 15 只。在湿季和干季,Entoto自然公园的成年鹦鹉雌雄性比分别为1:0.71和1:0.60,而在Bole Sub-City该比例则分别为1:0.76和1:0.78。对同一地点而言,干湿季之间的成年鹦鹉雌雄性比差异均不显著(p > 0.05)。Entoto 自然公园中影响黑翅牡丹鹦鹉以及其他鸟类现状的主要因素是自然栖息地的破碎化以及因公园内优势树种蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus)导致的食物资源减少。当地居民的放牧、过度的农业生产以及森林采伐活动造成了土地退化,进而破坏了自然公园的栖息地环境。建议对Entoto自然公园及其他市区公园的植被加以有效地管理,为该地区的鸟类提供合适的生存环境。
A study of the population status of and threats to the Black-winged Lovebird(Agapornis taranta) was carried out from September 2008 to February 2009 in Entoto Natural Park(ENP) and in Bole SubCity,Addis Ababa,Ethiopia.A point transect count technique was employed to examine the status of the lovebirds.An average total of 58 birds was recorded of which 46 were counted in Bole Sub-City and 12 in Entoto Natural Park areas.The maximum number recorded during our census was 57 in the dry season and 15 in the wet season in Bole Sub-City and Entoto Natural Park,respectively.The ratio of adult males to adult females in Entoto Natural Park was 1:0.71 and 1:0.60,and 1:0.76 and 1:0.78 in Bole Sub-City during both wet and dry seasons,respectively.The seasonal variation and difference in sex ratios between males and females was not significant(p > 0.05) at either of the study sites.The threat for the Blackwinged Lovebird or other birds in Entoto Natural Park is due to the fragmentation of natural habitats,thus decreasing food sources,owing to the domination of eucalyptus(Eucalyptus globulus) trees in the area.Grazing by livestock,intensive farming practices and deforestation by the local community have contributed greatly to the degradation of the land resulting in erosion,thus devastating the habitat of the Natural Park.The vegetation cover of Entoto Natural Park and urban gardens should be managed effectively for the survival of the avian fauna of the area.
基金
Addis Ababa University for financial support
