空间电机控制系统中FPGA的设计与实现

Design and Implmentation of FPGA in Space Electromotor Control System

电机在空间设备中的很多方面都有应用,例如各种转动机构、大型天线展开等。对于复杂功能的转动系统需要配备相应的控制器,不同的电机其控制原理不同,控制器的复杂程度也不同。FPGA在控制器中的应用大大简化了控制器的硬件设计。FPGA除了能够完成通用的译码、锁存、串口等通用功能外,在电机控制器中最重要的是能够配合CPU甚至自主地产生合适的PWM波,以完成对电机的控制与驱动。结合工程经验,文章分别介绍FPGA在空间步进电机、永磁同步电机以及无刷直流电机等几种典型电机控制中的设计与实现。

Electromotor is used in many domains of space devices,such as many kinds of rotation machines and large deployable antennae.Relevant controller is needed in rotation system with complex functions.Control theory and its complexity are different between electromotors.Application of FPGA makes the hardware design of controller much easier.Besides actualizing the functions of coding,signal locking and serial communication,the most important function is that FPGA can produce proper PWM wave to control and drive the electromotor.In Combination with engineering experience,Applications of FPGA in control systems of step motor,permanent magnet in-phase motor and direct current brushless motor are introduced in this article.