微波对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传损伤

Microwave radiation-induced genetic damage of root-tip cells in Vicia faba

以蚕豆(Vcia faba L.)根尖为实验材料,研究微波辐射对蚕豆根尖细胞的损伤效应.采用蚕豆根尖微核试验和染色体畸变试验方法,以不同处理时间(0～30s)的微波辐射为诱变剂,测定蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率、有丝分裂指数及染色体畸变率等指标.结果表明:6个时间微波处理组的微核率、染色体畸变率均明显高于阴性对照组(P<0.001).而6个时间微波处理组的有丝分裂指数却明显低于阴性对照组(P<0.001).在本实验处理时间范围内,3个指标均具有一定的时间效应.即随着微波处理时间的延长,微核率及染色体畸变率逐渐升高,而有丝分裂指数则逐渐降低.结论是在该实验微波剂量及处理时间下,微波对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的损伤效应.

Microwave radiation-induced genetic damage was investigated in root-tip cells of Vicia faba.Taking the microwave as a mutagen in micronucleus and chromosome aberration assays,mitotic index,micronucleus frequency,and chromosome aberration frequency were detected in time-course treatments of Vicia faba root tip cells.The results showed that micronucleus frequencies,chromosome aberration frequencies in 6 microwave treatment groups were significantly higher than the controlling without microwave treatment(P<0.001),while their mitotic index was much lower than that of control group(P<0.001).During microwave treatments,micronucleus frequency and chromosome aberration frequency were increased in treatment time-dependent manner in root-tip cells,whereas the mitotic index was decreased.These data suggest that microwave causes obvious genetic damage to root-tip cells in Vicia faba.