即刻种植种植体周围骨缺损的Beagle犬动物模型建立

Establishment of an experimental animal model of immediately peri-implant bone defects on Beagle dogs

目的:评估即刻种植后种植体周围骨缺损植骨与否对骨结合的影响,建立一种符合即刻种植种植体周围骨缺损特点的动物模型。方法:以成年Beagl e犬为实验动物,拔除犬双侧下颌P2、P3、P4牙。于远中根拔牙窝的远中距牙根间隔5-6mm处预备种植窝,即刻植入种植体。植入种植体后保证沿下颌骨长轴向骨缺损范围达3-4mm。骨缺损区不植入骨粉,直接用胶原膜覆盖为实验组。骨缺损区植入骨粉并覆盖胶原膜为对照组。于术后3个月末处死动物取材,进行组织学观察。结果:X线观察:实验组与对照组缺损处到3个月时均被新生骨充填。组织切片染色镜下观察:实验组与对照组骨缺损处可见大量骨细胞,骨改建基本完成。结论:种植体与拔牙窝内壁之间的3-4mm范围骨间隙即使不植骨,也会有新骨生成、并且可以与种植体表面发生骨结合。成功构建了与临床即刻种植骨缺损相似,并可作为研究即刻种植骨界面骨性结合的实验动物模型。

Objective:To evaluate the effection of immediately peri-implant bone defects on osseointegration,and to establish an experimental animal model of immediately peri-implant bone defects on Beagle dogs.Methods:An animal model of dental implants was established on Beagle dogs of 1-2 years old,the teeth of P2、P3、P4 were extracted and dental implants were placed immediately in the distal socket.The distance between implant and socket is about 3~4mm.The experimental group used membrane and the control group used both bone meal and membrane.Animals were sacrificed after 3 months,the morphological change of peri-implant tissues were observed with hematoxylin and eosin.Results:Observation of X-ray:bone density increased as time increase;no obvious resorption was found in peri-implant tissues.Histological staining:plum bone cells were observed surrounding alveolar bone.Conclusion:If the distance between implant and socket is no more than 3~4mm,there are no differences whether using bone augmentation or not.We successfully established the experimental animal model of immediately peri-implant bone defects on Beagle dogs.