试论北平市民的文化心态

On the Cultural Psychology of Peking Citizens

谈到老舍先生的创作,自然无法回避他与旧北平的密切关系,他着笔最多的是那些居住在北平大杂院里,为家人,为温饱奔波于街头巷尾的平民百姓,尤其是挣扎在社会底层的贫民。纵观老舍先生所刻画的人物形象系列里,我们可以把他们分为两类:一类是以蓝小山、老张、祁瑞丰等人为代表的拥有"官本位"心态的市民阶层;另一类是以祥子、韵梅、宋凤贞等人为代表的拥有"家本位"心态的贫民阶层。

When it comes to Mr Lao She's works,his close relationship with the old Peking can not be ingored.Most of the characters in his works are the ordinary people who lived in the courtyard of Peking and made a living through streets and lines especially those who struggled in the lowest level of the society.Generally the characters that Lao She described can be divided into two kinds:one is the citizen level that has the psychology of 'offer's basis' such as Lan Xiaoshan,Lao Zhang,Qi Ruifeng etc.Another is the wrong side of the tracks that has the psychology of 'family basis' such as Xiao Zi,Yun Mei,Song Fengzhen etc.