GIS在突发化学中毒事故应急救援决策中的应用

目的为了提高突发化学中毒事故时应急反应、指挥决策能力,提高处理效率研究开发本系统;方法在高清晰卫星影像电子地图上,建立与突发化学中毒事故相关的化学品、地理、交通、救援资源、人口分布等信息数据库,借助计算机软件系统、化学品数学扩散模型评估事故危害范围和应急处理决策。结果利用该系统可可迅速查找到事故救援相关信息,如地点(或化学品使用企业)、周边地理地貌、交通、通信、化学品分布与储备、当地常年气象条件和人口分布、救援资源分布等情况,以该系统为平台,我们也可评估化学品扩散污染范围,确定人员撤离的区域。结论该系统以计算机应用软件的形式,经过演示和企业初步演习试用,达到了设计要求,经试用,能够大大提高了突发化学中毒事故应急处理效率。

Objective To develop this project for better emergency reaction, quick decision-making and high efficiency in chemical poisoning accident. Methods Build database of chemicals, geography, traffic, rescue sources, and population distribution, and so on related to poisoning accidents on satellite photograph map. Evaluate hazardous areas of an accident and rescue decision-making by computer software and chemical spreading mathematical model. Results By this system we can easily find out an chemical poisoning accident related information, such as the accident place or chemical using company, geographic status, traffic, telecommunication, chemical distribution and stocks, local meteorology, population and rescuing sources distribution, and so on. By this system we can also assess the chemical polluted areas and decide the areas to withdraw. Conclusions This system as a software we use it on computer and primarily use by some company on exercise, which show that it can increase the efficiency of emergency rescue in chemical poisoning accident.