国际关系理论对北约扩大的解释及其合理性

The Rationality of Explanation of International Relations Theories of NATO Enlargement

本文着力理清三支国际关系理论对北约扩大这一重要事件的解说。新现实主义从实力均衡与威胁平衡的观点去解释北约扩大 ;新自由主义从相互依赖以获得绝对收益的观点出发解释北约扩大 ;建构主义则从共同体价值观的内化或社会化的视角去分析北约扩大。前两者在解释东欧国家加入北约的缘由方面具有较强的说服力 ,而在解释北约吸收新成员国的缘由方面则较乏力。建构主义理论较全面的解释了东欧国家加入北约以及北约吸纳新成员两方面的内容。将各种理论综合在一起考察北约扩大可以使我们得出一个更为合理和科学的结论。

The explanation of neo-realism theory on NATO enlargement is based on the balance of power or balance of threat. The theory of Neo-liberalism elaborates on NATO enlargement in the context of interdependence and absolute gains. Constructivism theory analyses the NATO Enlargement in the perspective of internalization and socialization of the sense of value of the community. The former two theories are persuasive in explaining why eastern European countries apply for the membership of NATO, but aren't convincing in explaining why NATO let these applicants in. The Theory of constructivism provides a relatively sound explanation on both sides. Combining the three theories in explaining NATO Enlargement will lead to a more rational and scientific conclusions.