中国近代小麦进出口问题研究

A Study of Wheat Import and Export Problems in Modern China

本文从中国近代小麦进出口总体情况出发,分析了进口来源与出口流向,总结出近代小麦进出口的四个总体特点。重点剖析了小麦进出口产生的原因,认为进口数量总体增长之主要原因是中国面粉企业发展对小麦的需求增长所致,巨量的持续进口体现了民族面粉企业对洋麦的依赖性,但中国市场不统一,小麦供应结构性不足才是洋麦进口深层原因;同时也认为,固然中国小麦在国际市场的竞争力不强,易受排挤导致出口减少,但是中国小麦出口增加的真正获益者是日本,因为此时它正千方百计的收储粮食以备侵华。此外,在世界市场对中国小麦进出口方面的影响也做了探讨。

Starting from the general situation of wheat import and export of modern China,the writer analyzes the import source and export flows,summarizes the four general features of wheat import and export,and focuses on the reasons for wheat import and export in this paper.The writer believes that the main reason for the general import increasing lies in Chinese flour industry's increasing demand for wheat with development.Huge and sustainable import shows Chinese flour industry's dependency on foreign wheat.However,the deeper reason for foreign wheat import is due to the non-uniformed Chinese market and the structural deficiency of wheat supply.Meanwhile,the writer thinks that although the competiveness of Chinese wheat in international market is weak and easy to be excluded which has resulted in export reduction,the real beneficiary for Chinese wheat export increasing is Japan because at this time Japan is trying to collect and store grain for preparation for aggression against China.In addition,the writer also probes into the influence of world market on Chinese wheat import and export.