广东地区子宫内膜异位症的流行趋势与特点

Prevalence and risk factor of endometriosis in Guangdong area

目的探讨广东地区子宫内膜异位症的危险因素,了解该病的流行趋势和特点。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,调查广东地区患者/人士,病例组选取2003年1月至2007年1月经腹腔镜和(或)病理确诊子宫内膜异位症者188例,对照组为健康人群中随机抽样育龄妇女271例。对两组月经和生育情况、既往病史、家族史、生活习惯、劳动情况等方面进行单因素分析,继而采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选患病相关因素。结果多因素Logistic回归分析提示BMI<20kg/m2(OR=5.823,95%CI为1.834～18.491)、人工流产(OR=5.483,95%CI为1.056～28.472)、自然流产(OR=34.207,95%CI为1.480～790.783)、个人卫生情况较差(OR=14.784,95%CI为3.737～58.488)、怀孕次数2次及以上(OR=0.024,95%CI为0.004～0.161)与本地区子宫内膜异位症有关。结论在广东地区BMI较小、人工流产、自然流产、个人卫生情况差是子宫内膜异位症的危险因素,而怀孕次数多是本病的保护因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factor of endometriosis in Guangdong province.Methods A case-control study was designed based on data from an epidemiological investigation among reproduction-aged women from 2003 to 2007 in Guangdong province.Patient group were 188 cases who were diagnosed endometriosis by laparoscopy or pathology.Controls included 271 reproductive aged women,sampled randomly among healthy population.Menstruation,gravidity,medical history,family history,life style and kinds of labor were compared between the two groups,and multifactor Logistic regression was used to screen associated factors.Results Body mass index(BMI) < 20 kg/m2(OR = 5.823,95% CI 1.834 ～ 18.491),induced abortion(OR = 5.483,95% CI 1.056 ～ 28.472),spontaneous abortion(OR = 34.207,95% CI 1.480 ～ 790.783),and worse daily health habits(OR = 14.784,95% CI 3.737 ～ 58.488),gravidity more than once(OR = 0.024,95% CI 0.004 ～ 0.161) were associated with endometriosis in local region.Conclusions A low BMI value,induced abortion,spontaneous abortion,worse daily health habits are high risk factors of endometriosis,whereas multi-pregnancy is a protective factor of endometriosis in Guangdong area.