糖尿病患者视网膜病变知识的认知度及影响因素的Logistic回归分析

Logistic regression analysis about cognition degree and influential factors for knowledge and awareness of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes patients

目的调查536例糖尿病(DM)患者对糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)知识的认知度及影响因素。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,选取眼底造影室进行眼底荧光造影检查的内科已确诊DM患者536例作为研究人群,以卡方检验、非条件Logistic回归分析方法,对其DR知识认知度及影响因素和影响程度进行研究。结果 (1)536例DM患者调查问卷平均分为(41.54±11.22)分,其中195例≥40分(高分组),341例<40分(低分组);(2)单因素χ2分析后得出性别、年龄、家族史、文化程度、家庭月收入、是否合并DR、是否参加DM讲座这7个因素对DM患者DR知识认知度的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)非条件Logistic多元回归筛选出对其认知度有显著影响的6个因素,按OR值大小分别为是否参加DM讲座、文化程度、是否合并DR、有无家族史、年龄及性别。结论 DM健康教育是提高患者DR知识认知度的重要方式,要特别关注那些未合并DR、受教育程度低、无DM家族史、年长者、女性等人群的教育方式和教育效果。

Objective To investigate the cognition degree and influential factors about knowledge of diabetic retinopathy(DR) to 536 diabetes mellitus(DM) patients.Methods Using the self-designed questionnaire,the cognition degree and influential factors about DR knowledge of 536 DM patients were analyzed by Chi-square test,non-conditional logistic regression analysis.Results(1) The average point of the 536 questionnaires was 41.54 ± 11.22,195 cases higher than 40 points(high point group),341 cases lower than 40 points(low point group) .(2) Single-factor analysis of a total of seven selected factors affecting points:gender,age,family history of DM,educational degree,family income,whether combining with DR,whether participated in diabetes seminars by Chi-square test(P < 0.05) .(3) By non-conditional Logistic regression analysis,the significant influencial factors as follows:whether participating in diabetes seminars,educational level,combining of DR,family history,age and gender according to the odd ratio.Conclusions Diabetes health education is an important way in improving knowledge and awareness about DR in DM patients,with particular attention on those patients without DR,low education degree,no family history of DM,the elderly and women.