三种溶磷真菌对不同磷源溶解效果的比较研究

Comparative Study the Biosolubilization of Different Insoluble Phosphates by 3 Phosphate-solubilizing Fungal Isolates

报道了溶磷菌株P39(Aspergilusspp.)和P66、P2.3(Penicilliumspp.)在液体培养条件下对5种难溶性磷源的溶解效果。试验结果表明,3种溶磷菌株在所有磷源培养基中生长良好,但它们之间的溶磷量相差很大,菌株P39对不同磷源的溶磷效果为磷酸铁>磷酸铝>磷酸钙>宜昌磷矿粉>摩洛哥磷矿粉,其溶磷率分别达到96.60%、84.00%、66.05%、61.43%和41.52%;P66菌株对不同磷源的溶磷效果为磷酸铝>磷酸钙>摩洛哥磷矿粉>宜昌磷矿粉>磷酸铁,溶磷率分别为78.18%、58.45%、41.09%、33.00%和14.27%;而菌株P2.3对不同磷源的溶磷效果要小于菌株P39和P66,研究结果表明P2.3菌株对磷酸铁不具有溶磷活性,对其它4种不同磷源的溶磷效果为磷酸钙>磷酸铝>摩洛哥磷矿粉>宜昌磷矿粉。对不同菌株培养滤液可滴定酸含量和pH测定结果发现,菌株P39的培养滤液可滴定酸含量与pH值之间存在直线相关,菌株P66和P2.3处理的二者相关性不显著,表明不同的溶磷菌株在不同磷源条件下,可能从有机酸组成和含量两方面发生了变化而影响对难溶性磷的溶解。

Three phosphate-solubilizing fungal isolates of P39(Aspergilus spp.)and P66 and P2.3(Penicillium spp.)were tested for the solubilization of different insoluble phosphates by solution culture. The results showed that the 3 isolates grew well in different insoluble phosphate media, but the soluble P concentration in filtrates varied greatly. Isolate P39 showed the highest P solubilization in all media than isolates P66 and P2.3, and the efficiency of solubilization of different insoluble phosphates was ferric phosphate (Fe-P)>aluminum phosphate (Al-P)>calcium phosphate (Ca-P)>rock phosphate of Yichang (YRP)>rock phosphate of Morocco (MRP), and it accounted for 96.60%,84.00%,66.05%,61.43% and 41.52% of total P amount added in the media respectively. Compared with P39, the efficiency of solubilization of different insoluble phosphates of P66 was Al-P> Ca-P> MRP> YRP> Fe-P, and it accounted for 78.18%,58.45%,41.09%,33.00% and 14.27% of total P amount added in the media respectively. The isolate of P2.3 showed lower biosolubilization activity compared with P39 and P66,and the experimental results suggested that this isolate wes not active on solubilizing Fe-P, but the efficiency for the other insoluble phosphates was Ca-P> Al-P> MRP> YRP. The relationship between the titratable acidity values and pH of culture filtrates showed that only P39 had liner correspondence with each other, and there were no close relationship founded with P66 and P2.3. This implied that both quality and quantity of organic acids produced by the phosphate-solubilizing fungi could be affected by different insoluble phosphates, which further affected on the biosolubilization of phosphate-solubilizing fungi.