脑外伤类型与低钠血症的发生和预后的关系研究

The correlation of between cerebral trauma types and occurrence and prognosis of hyponatremia

目的探讨脑外伤类型与低钠血症的发生和对预后的影响方法对2008年7月-2010年7月我院收治的313例脑外伤患者进行回顾性分析,根据外伤类型统计低钠血症的发生率,并根据低钠血症的发生率对患者预后进行评估。结果 313例外伤性脑损伤(TBI)患者中53例(16.9%)发生低钠血症,其中诊断为脑震荡、颅骨骨折、外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血和创伤性脑血管病的患者在住院期间没有发生低钠血症,而急性硬膜下血肿、脑挫裂伤和弥散性轴索损伤患者低钠血症的发生率显著高于其他诊断组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低钠血症的发生率与治疗方法无关(P>0.05),但与住院时间延长(P<0.05)和不良预后显著相关(P<0.05)。结论外伤性脑损伤患者有较高的低钠血症发生率,及时的纠正低钠血症对提高患者的预后有重要的临床意义。

Objective To study the effect of between cerebral trauma types and occurrence and prognosis of hyponatremia.Methods Review the data of 313 patients with cerebral trauma in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July,2008 to July,2010.Statistics the incidence rate of patients with hyponatremia according to cerebral trauma types and evaluates the prognosis according to the incidence rate of patients with hyponatremia.Results In the 313 cases,53 cases(16.9%) occur hyponatremia.Patients with cerebral concussion,skull fracture,traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic occlusion cerebrovascular disease don't take place hyponatremia.while the incidence rate of hyponatremia patients with acute Subdural hematoma,contusion and laceration of brain and diffuse axonal injury is significant increase.Difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rate of hyponatremia is relate significant to length of stay extending and dysprognosis(P<0.05).but not relate to therapy methods.Conclusion It is a high hyponatremia incidence rate patients withTBI and correcting hyponatremia utility in time has important sense on improving patient's prognosis.