未绝经女性与同年龄段男性冠心病患者临床特点及冠状动脉病变的对比分析

Clinical characterization of coronary heart disease in premenopausal women and age-matched men

目的雌激素对女性心血管有保护作用。文中旨在通过与同年龄男性冠心病患者比较,探讨未绝经女性冠心病患者的临床和冠状动脉病变特点。方法选择120例在我院经冠状动脉造影确诊的未绝经女性冠心病患者为研究组,同期在我院经冠状动脉造影确诊的136例年龄匹配的男性冠心病患者为对照组。分别对其临床特点及冠状动脉病变的的特征进行比较。结果未绝经女性组高脂血症、糖尿病比例显著高于对照组,吸烟史显著低于对照组,均有统计学差异(P<0.05);2组高血压、家族史比例无统计学差异(P>0.05)。未绝经女性组临床表现以心绞痛为主,对照组以急性心肌梗死为主。2组均以单支病变为主,但病变支数无论是单支,还是双支及3支均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论未绝经女性冠心病患者危险因素相对较多,临床表现以心绞痛为主,急性心肌梗死较少。

] Objective It is known that estrogen exerts multifaceted effects on the heart and blood vessels of females.The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical profile of premenopausal women with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods We included 120 premenopausal women with CHD in a study group and 136 age-matched men with CHD in a control group,and compared the coronary risk factors,clinical symptoms and angiographic characteristics between the two groups.Results Compared with the male controls,the premenopausal women had higher incidences of diabetes and dyslipidemia and a lower rate of smoking(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension and family history of CHD(P>0.05).Angina was the main clinical manifestation in the premenopausal women,while acute myocardial infarction(AMI) was more prevalent among the male controls,and both were more likely to have single-vessel disease and less likely to have three-vessel disease.No significant differences were observed in the characteristics of their coronary lesions(P>0.05).Conclusion Premenopausal women with CHD have relatively more coronary risk factors,with a higher incidence of angina and a lower prevalence of AMI.