恒定型自然杀伤T细胞在1型糖尿病的免疫调节作用

Invariant natural killer T cells mediate regulation in type 1 diabetes mellitus

1型糖尿病(type 1 diabete mellitus,T1DM)可能是免疫系统自我平衡破坏所导致的疾病,被认为是针对胰岛β细胞的致病性T细胞所介导。恒定型自然杀伤T(invariant nature killer T,iNKT)细胞是一种独特的调节性T细胞,在免疫调节中发挥关键作用,对T1DM有保护作用。在脾和胰岛中iNKT细胞通过与糖脂配体、相应细胞表面CD1d复合物结合后,iNKT细胞释放出大量IL-4和IL-10分子,这是一种与辅助性T淋巴细胞2(T-helper lymphocyte 2,Th 2)有关的保护作用。同时,iNKT细胞能够与其他多种细胞,包括CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞、树突状细胞、产生TGF-β的T细胞和部分B细胞协同作用,抑制糖尿病的发生发展。这些研究结果表明,iNKT对T1DM有预防和缓解功能。

Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) may be caused by destruction of homeostatic balance of the immune system.This disease is thought to be mediated by pathogenic T cells specific for pancreatic β cells.Invariant NKT(iNKT) cells are a distinctive population of regulatory T cells that play a pivotal role in immuregulation as a result of protection against T1DM.The protection is associated with a polarized Th2 milieu marked by burst of IL-4 and IL-10 secretion in the spleen and pancreas after iNKT cells respond to glycolipid ligand in a CD1d-restricted manner.Concomitantly,iNKT cells are capable of inhibiting the development of diabetes in collaboration with transactivation of a variety of other cell types,including CD4 +CD25 +T cells,dentritic cells,TGF-β-producing T cells,and some B cells.These findings suggest that iNKT exert the function of preventing and alleviating T1DM.